Characteristic facial expressions in chronic facial paralysis suggest an incidental finding of an intratemporal mass
Joo Hyun Kim1, Jin Kim2
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
2Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea
2Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea
Correspondence to: Jin Kim
주소 : Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 7 Keunjaebong-gil, Hwaseong 18450, Korea
Tel : +82-31-8086-2836
Fax : +82-31-8086-2874
E-mail : jinsound@gmail.com
주소 : Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 7 Keunjaebong-gil, Hwaseong 18450, Korea
Tel : +82-31-8086-2836
Fax : +82-31-8086-2874
E-mail : jinsound@gmail.com
Received December 24, 2021; Revised February 15, 2022; Accepted March 23, 2022.
- Abstract
- Background : The objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics of facial expressions by their pathogenesis in subjects with chronic facial paralysis and to describe the partial defect of facial function in elucidating the etiology of facial paralysis.
Materials and Methods : The etiology of chronic facial paralysis could be categorized into 3 groups: Group I, total resection without any reanimation surgery; Group II, acute facial nerve injury such as Bell’s palsy, and Group III, facial nerve resection and anastomosis. There was a total number of 104 subjects included in this study. Each subject with chronic facial paralysis and were investigated based on the severity of synkinesis, regression of muscular volume, latency and amplitude in electromyography, and facial movement by House-Brackmann grade system.
Results : Subjects from the Group I had no synkinesis with profound regression of muscular volume, H-B grade 5.7 ± 0.34. Subjects from the Group II had moderate to severe synkinesis with moderate to severe regression of muscular volume, H-B grade 3.4 ± 0.96. In this group, thirteen subjects with atypical facial expression also had an incidental finding of a hidden mass in the intratemporal area. Lastly, subjects from the Group III had severe synkinesis without regression of muscular volume, H-B grade 3.7 ± 0.76.
Conclusions : With careful examination of facial expression, a crucial point for elucidating the pathogenesis of facial paralysis may be provided. Severe facial palsy without muscular regression may indicate an incidental finding of a hidden mass in the intratemporal area. - Keywords : Facial paralysis, Facial expression, Synkinesis
Full Text(PDF) Free
